P1693 – Fuel Trim Bank 2 Out of Range

The P1693 diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a powertrain code that can appear in various vehicle makes and models. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the P1693 code, its implications, diagnosis, and resolution.

Urgency Assessment

The P1693 code is generally considered a moderate to severe issue that requires prompt attention. While it may not necessarily cause immediate vehicle failure, continuing to drive with this code active could lead to further damage and potentially unsafe operating conditions. It is recommended to have the vehicle inspected and repaired as soon as possible after the code appears.

Code Description

P1693 is typically defined as "Turbo Charge Control Circuit Malfunction". However, it's important to note that the exact definition can vary between manufacturers. In some cases, P1693 may indicate a more general electrical issue or serve as a companion code pointing to problems in other vehicle systems.

Affected Systems and Components

The P1693 code primarily affects the engine management system, specifically the turbocharger control circuit. Key components involved include:

1. Turbocharger
2. Turbocharger control solenoid
3. Engine Control Module (ECM)
4. Wiring and connectors in the turbocharger control circuit

The turbocharger plays a crucial role in engine performance by compressing intake air to increase power output. The control circuit regulates the turbocharger's operation based on various engine parameters.

Common Causes

Several factors can trigger the P1693 code:

1. Faulty turbocharger control solenoid
2. Damaged or corroded wiring in the turbocharger control circuit
3. Loose or faulty electrical connections
4. ECM malfunction
5. Failed turbocharger
6. Issues with related sensors (e.g., MAP sensor, boost pressure sensor)

Diagnostic Procedure

To accurately diagnose the root cause of the P1693 code, follow these steps:

1. Use an OBD-II scanner to retrieve all stored codes and freeze frame data.
2. Inspect the turbocharger control circuit wiring and connections for any visible damage or corrosion.
3. Check the resistance of the turbocharger control solenoid using a multimeter. Compare the readings to manufacturer specifications.
4. Use a scan tool to command the turbocharger control solenoid on and off, listening for audible clicking.
5. Perform a visual inspection of the turbocharger for any signs of damage or oil leaks.
6. Check the intake and exhaust systems for leaks or restrictions.
7. Monitor live data parameters related to turbocharger operation using a scan tool.
8. If necessary, perform a smoke test to check for boost leaks in the intake system.

Solutions and Repair Options

Based on the diagnostic results, potential solutions include:

1. Replacing the turbocharger control solenoid
2. Repairing or replacing damaged wiring in the control circuit
3. Cleaning and securing electrical connections
4. Replacing a faulty ECM (rare cases)
5. Repairing or replacing the turbocharger
6. Addressing any identified boost leaks or restrictions

Prevention Strategies

To prevent future occurrences of P1693:

1. Regularly inspect and clean electrical connections in the engine bay
2. Follow the manufacturer's recommended maintenance schedule
3. Use high-quality engine oil and replace it at specified intervals
4. Address any performance issues promptly to prevent cascading failures

Cost Analysis

Repair costs can vary significantly depending on the root cause and vehicle make/model. Estimated costs (parts and labor) in USD and EUR:

• Turbocharger control solenoid replacement: $150-$300 (€130-€260)
• Wiring repair: $100-$300 (€85-€260)
• ECM replacement: $500-$2000 (€430-€1700)
• Turbocharger replacement: $1000-$3500 (€860-€3000)

DIY Repair Guide

For experienced mechanics attempting a DIY repair:

1. Ensure the vehicle is cool and disconnected from the battery.
2. Locate the turbocharger control solenoid (refer to the vehicle's service manual).
3. Disconnect the electrical connector and remove any mounting bolts.
4. Install the new solenoid, ensuring proper fitment and electrical connection.
5. Clear the DTC and perform a test drive to confirm the repair.

Safety precautions: Wear appropriate personal protective equipment and follow all safety guidelines in the vehicle's service manual.

Related Issues and Codes

P1693 may appear alongside other codes, such as:

• P0234: Turbocharger Overboost Condition
• P0299: Turbocharger Underboost Condition
• P0101: Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Circuit Range/Performance Problem

These related codes can provide additional context for diagnosing the underlying issue.

Vehicle-Specific Information

While the general principles of P1693 diagnosis and repair apply across many vehicles, specific procedures and component locations can vary. Always consult the manufacturer's service manual for your particular make and model.

Frequently Asked Questions About P1693

What does the P1693 code mean?

P1693 typically indicates a “Turbo Charge Control Circuit Malfunction” or serves as a companion code signaling that additional codes are stored in one or both control modules.

Is it safe to drive with the P1693 code?

While short-distance driving may be permitted, it’s recommended to have the vehicle repaired as soon as possible to prevent potential damage.

What are the common symptoms of the P1693 code?

Symptoms may include reduced engine performance, an illuminated check engine light, and potential turbocharger issues.

Can P1693 be the only code present?

No, P1693 is typically a companion code and should not appear alone. There are usually other codes present in either the PCU or ECU.

How do I diagnose the P1693 code?

Use an OBD-II scanner to retrieve all stored codes, inspect the turbocharger control circuit wiring, and check related components like the turbocharger and control solenoid.

What components are commonly involved with the P1693 code?

The turbocharger, turbocharger control solenoid, Engine Control Module (ECM), and associated wiring and connectors are typically involved.

How do I clear the P1693 code?

Use an OBD-II scanner to clear the code after addressing the underlying issue. Simply clearing the code without fixing the problem may cause it to return.

Can a faulty oxygen sensor cause the P1693 code?

While not directly related, a faulty oxygen sensor can potentially trigger other codes that may appear alongside P1693.

What’s the difference between P1693 in the PCU and ECU?

P1693 in the Powertrain Control Unit (PCU) indicates additional codes in the Engine Control Unit (ECU), and vice versa.

How much does it typically cost to repair issues related to P1693?

Repair costs can vary widely depending on the root cause, ranging from $100 to $3500 or more for major component replacements.

Can a bad MAP sensor cause the P1693 code?

While not directly related, a faulty MAP sensor can potentially cause other codes that may appear alongside P1693.

Is P1693 specific to certain vehicle makes or models?

While P1693 can appear in various vehicles, its exact meaning and associated systems may vary between manufacturers.

Can a clogged air filter contribute to the P1693 code?

A severely clogged air filter could potentially affect turbocharger performance, indirectly contributing to issues related to P1693.

How often should I check for the P1693 code?

Regularly monitor your vehicle’s performance and address any check engine lights promptly. Consider periodic diagnostic scans during routine maintenance.

Can extreme weather conditions trigger the P1693 code?

While extreme conditions can affect vehicle performance, P1693 is typically related to specific component or circuit issues rather than environmental factors.

Is it possible to prevent the P1693 code from occurring?

Regular maintenance, prompt attention to warning lights, and periodic inspection of electrical components and connections can help prevent issues leading to P1693.

Can aftermarket performance modifications cause the P1693 code?

Improperly installed or incompatible aftermarket turbocharger components could potentially trigger P1693 or related codes.

How long does it typically take to diagnose and repair P1693-related issues?

Diagnosis time can vary, but repairs may take anywhere from 1-8 hours depending on the underlying cause and required repairs.

Can a weak battery cause the P1693 code?

While a weak battery is unlikely to directly cause P1693, it could potentially affect the vehicle’s electrical system and trigger various codes.

Should I always take my vehicle to a dealership for P1693 repairs?

While dealerships have specialized knowledge, many independent mechanics with proper diagnostic tools can effectively address P1693-related issues. Choose a reputable shop with experience in your vehicle make and model.